Electrical shocks and burns is really the domain of NFPA 70e: Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, and if you want to learn how to do Incident Energy and Flash Protection Boundary Calculations, Annex D of NFPA70E is a good resource, but if you don't feel like reading through all that and just want to familiarize yourself with the subject, Mike Holt has a short article on Electric Shock and a longer one on Electrical Burns.
- Calculating Arc Flash Protection boundary distances is straight out of Annex D of NFPA 70e
- To determine the maximum safe shock duration according to IEEE Std. 80, you can use the formula, T=0.116÷(E÷R), where T is duration in seconds, E is the electromotive force in volts, and R is resistance of the person, which is a constant 1,000 ohms.
NEC digest also has a good article on PPE person protective equipment and burns